Deep roadway is prone to deformation and failure due to high stress, which seriously threatens the safety of mine production. In this paper, through the combination of theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and field test, the distribution law of plastic zone of roadway surrounding rock under different lateral pressure coefficients and different lithology is explored. The results show that with the increase of lateral pressure coefficient, the plastic zone of roadway surrounding rock gradually increases, and the change rate of the two sides is obviously small, which makes the plastic zone change from circular to elliptical. When the lateral pressure coefficient is 1.8, the plastic zone at the top and bottom plate is the largest. The plastic deformation zone of roadway under different lithology is characterized by large range of roof and floor and small range of two sides, and the plastic zone in mudstone is obviously smaller than that in coal seam. Through numerical simulation, the displacement of roadway before and after grouting reinforcement is compared. The results show that the displacement distance between surrounding rock roof and two sides is reduced by 28 % on average after grouting reinforcement. After the combined support of ' anchoring + grouting ' is applied in the field, there is basically no deformation of roadway section during excavation.